Published by Dr MIguel Fernadez Calderón: 19/05/2025
The practice of contact sports may result in certain temporary or permanent injuries, depending on the degree of the condition or the medical attention received by the athletes. One of these injuries is the cauliflower ear, Although it is little known, studies indicate that it is very common in this type of sports practice, so it is also known as boxer's ear. Below we will learn more about the causes, prevention and causes, prevention and aesthetic solutions
What is cauliflower ear?
Cauliflower ear is a condition that affects the external part of the ear, after suffering some trauma that produces accumulation of fluid or blood under the perichondrium. Injuries to the ear cause the skin to separate from the cartilage and the ear loses its shape, when the injury begins to heal, the ear begins to acquire a wrinkled appearance, which produces the shape similar to that of a cauliflower, and hence the name.
Main characteristics
When there is a blow or trauma to the ear, blood accumulates and this can cause a clot, with the passage of days, this begins to scar and harden and this causes changes in the shape of the ear, giving it a cauliflower-like appearance.
If medical attention is not received, scarring can become a permanent deformity.
Sports and associated activities
It is a common condition in sportsmen and combat athletes, such as wrestlers, boxers, in martial arts practices, rugby and other contact sports.
Causes and risk factors
Repetitive trauma to the pinna
The main cause of cauliflower ear is repetitive blows or constant trauma to the ear, which interrupts blood flow to the cartilage. Patients with auricular hematomas, who do not receive timely medical attention or adequate treatment, may also suffer from boxer's ear, because the fluid or blood does not drain and as it dries naturally, the ear tends to deform.
Associated medical conditions
Medical studies have linked cauliflower ear to autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as relapsing polychondritis, because this condition causes inflammation of cartilage, such as that of the ear, and when the condition is severe, cauliflower ear can occur.
Perichondritis is also another cause of cauliflower ear, as it is an infection that occurs in the perichondrium (layer that covers the cartilage) and this can cause deformation of the ear.
Factors that increase susceptibility
As we have already mentioned, in contact sports it is very common for this type of injury to occur, which is why those who practice this type of sport are at high risk.
In addition, the risk is increased in athletes who do not use the necessary protective equipment, or use it inadequately.
Those with previous ear injuries, such as piercings, are more susceptible to cauliflower ear. The same is true for those who have had significant bruising of the ear, and have not received timely medical attention.
Symptoms and diagnosis of boxer's ears
The following signs may indicate cauliflower ear:
- Inflammation in the ear, produced by the accumulation of fluid or blood.
- Redness in the area around the ear and sensitivity to touch.
- Earache and headache. Depending on the patient's condition, there may be more or less pain or discomfort.
- Decreased hearing. Some patients may have reduced hearing due to fluid build-up or pressure in the ear canal.
- Bleeding in the ear.
- Ringing in the ears.
Methods of diagnosis and classification of the deformity
A physical, ear, head and neck examination by a health care professional may be the starting point for detecting cauliflower ear. The health care provider may need to check for a ruptured eardrum, request a neurological evaluation, or order a CT scan to complement the diagnosis.
If you need ear surgery, remember to check the minimum age for otoplasty.
Treatment options
Non-surgical treatments
An incision and subsequent drainage of the fluid or blood represents a timely treatment for this condition, since it prevents the ear deformity from becoming permanent.
Surgical interventions (otoplasty)
Another solution is ear surgery or otoplasty, a cosmetic procedure that can improve the appearance of the ears and correct the deformity caused by cauliflower ear.
Prevention and care
Protective equipment for contact sports
When playing contact sports, it is essential to wear a protective helmet suitable for the sport. In addition, it is important to make sure that the helmet fits properly to ensure that it fulfills its function of protecting the ears.
Importance of early medical care
Early treatment reduces the risk of developing cauliflower ear, so it is essential to see a doctor immediately for a timely diagnosis. This way you can avoid surgery on the face, such as otoplasty.
Psychological and social aspects
Impact on self-esteem and personal perception.
Having cauliflower ear has a direct impact on the self-esteem of the person and the way they see themselves, because the deformity of the ear is in evidence, generating complexes and insecurities. This condition can also produce anxiety or depression.
The patient's life may be affected, as they may not feel confident in social situations or may find it difficult to wear ear accessories such as earrings or headphones.
Cultural and sports considerations
Contrary to the above, in the sporting world, cauliflower ear can be viewed with pride and seen as a mark of courage and determination. In some cases, athletes accept this condition, and take it as an experience and part of their history.
In summary, if you suspect you may be developing cauliflower ear or have noticed any of the symptoms such as ear deformity, swelling, redness, hearing problems or bleeding, do not hesitate to go to a doctor's appointment for a check-up. Remember that prompt treatment can prevent the ear deformity from becoming permanent.
If you require surgery to correct the boxer's ear injury, take advantage of this opportunity and consult your doctor about the price of an otoplasty in Madrid.
